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Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Lord Cadogan
Member of Parliament for Newport, Isle of Wight
In office
1722–1726
Serving with The Lord Whitworth
Preceded byThe Earl of March
The Lord Whitworth
Succeeded bySir William Willys
George Huxley
Member of Parliament for Reading
In office
1716–1722
Serving with Owen Buckingham
Preceded byFelix Calvert
Robert Clarges
Succeeded byAnthony Blagrave
Clement Kent
Personal details
Born
Charles Cadogan

1685
Died24 September 1776(1776-09-24) (aged 90–91)
Political partyWhigs
Spouse
Elizabeth Sloane
(m. 1717; died 1768)
RelationsWilliam Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan (brother)
Hardress Waller (grandfather)
Parent(s)Henry Cadogan
Bridget Waller
Military service
Allegiance Great Britain
Branch/service British Army
RankGeneral
UnitColdstream Guards
2nd Troop of Horse Guards
King's Own Regiment of Foot
Black Dragoons
Battles/warsWar of the Spanish Succession:
 • Battle of Oudenarde
 • Battle of Malplaquet

General Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan (1684/5 – 24 September 1776)[1] was a British Army officer, Whig politician and peer.

Early life

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Cadogan was the younger son of Henry Cadogan of Liscarton, County Meath, and his wife, the former Bridget Waller, second daughter of the regicide Sir Hardress Waller. In 1726, he inherited his title on the death without male issue of his elder brother William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan,[2] whose titles, other than 1st Baron Cadogan, became extinct.[3]

Career

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He joined the Army, serving during the War of the Spanish Succession where he saw action at the Battles of Oudenarde and Malplaquet.[4] His career benefited from his brother's close connection to the Army's Captain General the Duke of Marlborough. He rose, by 1715, to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the Coldstream Guards. He was promoted Brigadier-General in 1735, Major-General in 1739, Lieutenant-General in 1745 and full General in 1761.[3] Atterbury describes Cadogan as "a bold, bad, boistrous, blustering, bloody, booby.".[5]

He was given the Colonelcy of the 4th Foot in 1719, transferring in 1734 to be Colonel of the 6th Dragoons until 1742, when he transferred a second time to be Colonel of the 2nd Troop of Horse Guards, a position he then held until his death.[6]

Later, he served as Governor of Sheerness between 1749 and 1752 and Governor of Gravesend and Tilbury Fort from 1752 until his death in 1776.[3]

Political career

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After being defeated in his election to become a Member of Parliament for Reading in 1715, he was returned as a Whig in a by-election in 1716.[3] He acted in Parliament with his brother in support of Sunderland against Walpole and represented Reading until the 1722 election when he was beaten by Tories at Reading. However, was successful at a by-election at Newport, Isle of Wight (his brother being then governor of the Isle of Wight).[3]

Upon his brother's death in 1726, he succeeded to his barony of Cadogan of Oakley, under special remainder, but not to the earldom, and gave up his seat in the House of Commons.[3]

Personal life

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On 25 July 1717, Cadogan was married to the heiress Elizabeth Sloane at the Church of St George the Martyr, Queen Square, London. Elizabeth was a daughter of Sir Hans Sloane, 1st Baronet, and the former Elizabeth Langley Rose.[7] Together, they had one son:

Through his marriage to Elizabeth, the 250-acre (1.0 km2) Sloane estate in suburban Chelsea was transferred to the Cadogan family in 1753, which has been the basis of the family wealth ever since.[a] Cadogan became Lord of the Manor of Chelsea.[9]

Lady Cadogan died on 20 May 1768.[10] At his death on 24 September 1776, he was the senior general in the British Army.[3]

References

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Notes
  1. ^ Hans Sloane bought "The Manor of Chelsea" from William Cheyne in 1712 so he could display his great collections at the Manor House (once owned by Henry VIII). The Manor included 11 great houses, a selection of tenements, the advowson of Chelsea Church and 166 acres.[7]
Sources
  1. ^ Falkner, James. "Cadogan, William, Earl Cadogan", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 24 May 2008. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
  2. ^ Watson, J.N.P. Marlborough's Shadow: The Life of the First Earl Cadogan. Leo Cooper, 2003.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "CADOGAN, Charles (1685-1776), of Caversham, nr. Reading, Berks". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 17 March 2013.[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ Watson p.228
  5. ^ G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, page 461.
  6. ^ "[Troops of] Horse Guards". Archived from the original on 3 January 2006. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  7. ^ a b "Our Heritage". www.cadogan.co.uk. Cadogan Estates, Chelsea, London UK. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  8. ^ "Cadogan, Earl (GB, 1800)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  9. ^ O'Neill, Sean (11 April 2002). "Family echoes in Chelsea streets". The Telegraph. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  10. ^ "Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. British Museum. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
[edit]
Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Reading
1716–1722
With: Owen Buckingham
Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Newport, Isle of Wight
1722–1726
With: The Lord Whitworth
Succeeded by
Military offices
Preceded by Colonel of the 2nd Troop of Horse Guards
1742–1776
Succeeded by
Preceded by Colonel of the Black Dragoons
1734–1742
Succeeded by
Preceded by Colonel of the King's Own Regiment of Foot
1719–1734
Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Sheerness
1749–1752
Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Gravesend and Tilbury
1752–1776
Succeeded by
Peerage of Great Britain
Preceded by Baron Cadogan
1726–1776
Succeeded by