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{{main|Sleep debt}}
Sleep debt is the effect of not getting enough rest and sleep; a large debt causes mental and physical fatigue. Scientists do not agree on how much sleep debt it is possible to accumulate, nor on whether the prevalence of sleep debt among adults has changed appreciably in the industrialized world in recent decades. It is likely that children are sleeping less than previously in western societies.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Iglowstein | first = Ivo | coauthors = Oskar G. Jenni, MD, Luciano Molinari, PhD and Remo H. Largo, MD | year = 2003 | month = February | title = Sleep Duration From Infancy to Adolescence: Reference Values and Generational Trends | journal = Pediatrics | volume = 111 | issue = 2 | pages = pp. 302-307 | publisher = | doi = 10.1542/peds.111.2.302 | accessdate = 2008-01-13 | quote = Thus, the shift in the evening bedtime across cohorts accounted for the substantial decrease in sleep duration in younger children between the 1970s and the 1990s. ... [A] more liberal parental attitude toward evening bedtime in the past decades is most likely responsible for the bedtime shift and for the decline of sleep duration... }}</ref>
 
== Functions ==